Welcome to Lesson 7! ๐
ใฌใในใณ7ใธใใใใ๏ผ
In this lesson, you will learn about auxiliary electrical equipment – the comfort and convenience systems that make modern vehicles safe and enjoyable to drive.
ใใฎใฌใในใณใงใฏใ็พไปฃใฎ่ปไธกใๅฎๅ จใงๅฟซ้ฉใซ้่ปขใใใใใฎ่ฃๅฉ้ป่ฃ ๅใซใคใใฆๅญฆใณใพใใ
โ Windshield wiper and washer systems
โ Horn circuits and operation
โ Power window systems
โ Power door lock systems
โ A/C electrical systems
โ Accessory installation and wiring
This lesson takes approximately 5-6 hours to complete, including the quiz at the end.
Auxiliary Equipment Overview ๐ง
่ฃๅฉ้ป่ฃ ๅใฎๆฆ่ฆ
Auxiliary electrical equipment includes all electrical systems beyond the primary engine, charging, starting, and lighting systems.
่ฃๅฉ้ป่ฃ ๅใซใฏใไธป่ฆใชใจใณใธใณใๅ ้ปใๅงๅใ็ งๆใทในใใ ไปฅๅคใฎใในใฆใฎ้ปๆฐใทในใใ ใๅซใพใใพใใ
โข Safety systems: Wipers, horns, defoggers | ๅฎๅ
จใทในใใ
โข Comfort systems: Power windows, locks, mirrors | ๅฟซ้ฉใทในใใ
โข Climate control: A/C, heating, ventilation | ็ฉบ่ชฟๅถๅพก
โข Entertainment: Audio, navigation, displays | ใจใณใฟใผใใคใกใณใ
โข Accessories: USB ports, power outlets, lighting | ใขใฏใปใตใชใผ
โข Total load: Can exceed 100+ amps in modern vehicles
โข Fuse protection: Individual circuits protected
โข Relay control: High-current devices use relays
โข Body Control Module: Coordinates many functions
Windshield Wiper System ๐ง๏ธ
ใฏใคใใผใทในใใ
The windshield wiper system provides clear visibility in rain, snow, and other conditions that obstruct the driver’s view.
ใฏใคใใผใทในใใ ใฏใ้จใ้ชใใใฎไปใฎ่ฆ็ใๅฆจใใ็ถๆณใงใฏใชใขใช่ฆ็ใๆไพใใพใใ
โข Wiper motor: Permanent magnet DC motor | ใฏใคใใผใขใผใฟใผ
โข Wiper linkage: Converts rotation to oscillation | ใชใณใฑใผใธ
โข Wiper arms: Hold and position wiper blades | ใฏใคใใผใขใผใ
โข Wiper blades: Rubber strips that contact glass | ใฏใคใใผใใฌใผใ
โข Wiper switch: Controls speed and intermittent operation | ในใคใใ
โข Two-speed operation: Low and high speed windings
โข Park position: Motor stops at bottom of sweep
โข Park switch: Internal switch controls park position
โข Current draw: 3-6 amps typical
โข Gear reduction: Worm gear provides torque
โข Timer circuit: Controls delay between sweeps
โข Variable delay: Adjustable interval (2-15 seconds)
โข Rain sensor: Automatic speed adjustment
โข Electronic module: Controls timing and speed
Wiper Circuit Operation ๐
ใฏใคใใผๅ่ทฏใฎๅไฝ
โข Fuse: Typically 15-25 amp protection
โข Wiper switch: Multi-position rotary or stalk switch
โข Relay: Controls high-current motor circuit
โข Motor: Two or three brush DC motor
โข Park switch: Cam-operated internal switch
โข Low speed: Current through high resistance path
โข High speed: Current through low resistance path
โข Three-brush motor: Third brush for low speed
โข Shunt wound motor: Field winding controls speed
โข Switch off: Motor continues until park position
โข Park switch: Opens when blades reach bottom
โข Ground path: Maintained until park position
โข Automatic park: Ensures blades don’t stop mid-sweep
Windshield Washer System ๐ฆ
ใฆใฉใใทใฃใผใทในใใ
The washer system sprays cleaning fluid onto the windshield to help remove dirt, bugs, and debris.
ใฆใฉใใทใฃใผใทในใใ ใฏใๆฑใใ่ซใใดใใ้คๅปใใใใใซใฏใชใผใใณใฐๆถฒใใใญใณใใฌใฉในใซๅดๅฐใใพใใ
โข Washer reservoir: Holds washer fluid (2-4 liters)
โข Washer pump: Electric centrifugal pump
โข Washer nozzles: Spray jets on hood or wiper arms
โข Washer hoses: Connect pump to nozzles
โข Washer switch: Momentary contact switch
โข Motor type: Small DC motor with impeller
โข Current draw: 2-4 amps typical
โข Pressure: 15-30 psi output
โข Activation: Momentary switch operation
โข Wiper coordination: Often activates wipers automatically
โข Fan spray: Wide coverage pattern
โข Jet spray: Concentrated stream
โข Heated nozzles: Prevent freezing in cold weather
โข Wiper-mounted: Spray directly at blade contact point
Horn System ๐ข
ใใผใณใทในใใ
The horn is a safety device that alerts other drivers and pedestrians to the vehicle’s presence.
ใใผใณใฏใไปใฎ้่ปข่ ใๆญฉ่ก่ ใซ่ปไธกใฎๅญๅจใ็ฅใใใๅฎๅ จ่ฃ ็ฝฎใงใใ
โข Electromagnetic horn: Vibrating diaphragm type
โข Air horn: Compressed air through trumpet
โข Electronic horn: Solid-state sound generator
โข Dual-tone: Two horns for fuller sound
โข Electromagnet: Pulls diaphragm inward
โข Contact points: Break circuit at full travel
โข Spring return: Diaphragm returns to rest
โข Vibration: Creates sound waves (300-500 Hz)
โข Current draw: 4-6 amps per horn
โข Horn button: Steering wheel mounted switch
โข Horn relay: Controls high-current circuit
โข Fuse: Typically 10-15 amp protection
โข Clock spring: Allows steering wheel rotation
โข Ground: Through horn body or wire
Power Window System ๐ช
ใใฏใผใฆใฃใณใใฆใทในใใ
Power windows use electric motors to raise and lower door glass, providing convenience and safety features.
ใใฏใผใฆใฃใณใใฆใฏ้ปๅใขใผใฟใผใไฝฟ็จใใฆใใขใฌใฉในใไธไธใใใๅฉไพฟๆงใจๅฎๅ จๆฉ่ฝใๆไพใใพใใ
โข Window motor: Reversible DC motor | ใฏใคใใผใขใผใฟใผ
โข Window regulator: Converts rotation to linear motion | ใฌใฎใฅใฌใผใฟใผ
โข Window switch: DPDT reversing switch | ในใคใใ
โข Master switch: Controls all windows from driver door | ใในใฟใผในใคใใ
โข Window lockout: Disables passenger switches | ใญใใฏใขใฆใ
โข Permanent magnet motor: Reversible by polarity change
โข Gear reduction: Worm gear or spur gear
โข Current draw: 10-20 amps under load
โข Thermal protection: Circuit breaker prevents overheating
โข Speed: Approximately 4-6 inches per second
โข Cable type: Flexible cable with drum
โข Scissor type: X-pattern linkage arms
โข Single arm: One arm with sector gear
โข Rack and pinion: Linear gear mechanism
Power Window Circuit ๐
ใใฏใผใฆใฃใณใใฆๅ่ทฏ
โข DPDT switch: Double-pole double-throw for reversing
โข Master/slave: Driver controls all, passengers control own
โข Circuit breaker: Auto-resetting overcurrent protection
โข Fuse: 20-30 amp main circuit protection
โข Relay: May be used for high-current control
โข Auto-reverse: Reverses if obstruction detected
โข Anti-pinch: Current sensing detects resistance
โข Express up/down: One-touch full travel
โข Key-off operation: Works briefly after ignition off
โข Child lockout: Disables rear window switches
โฌ๏ธ DOWN: Ground โ Motor โ +12V
โข Slow operation: Worn motor brushes or dry tracks
โข No operation: Check fuse, switch, motor
โข Intermittent: Loose connections or worn switch
โข Window falls: Broken regulator cable or clips
Power Door Lock System ๐
ใใฏใผใใขใญใใฏใทในใใ
Power door locks provide convenient locking and unlocking of all vehicle doors from a single switch or remote.
ใใฏใผใใขใญใใฏใฏใๅไธใฎในใคใใใพใใฏใชใขใณใณใใใในใฆใฎ่ปไธกใใขใฎๆฝ้ ใป่งฃ้ ใไพฟๅฉใซ่กใใพใใ
โข DC motor actuator: Reversible motor with gear
โข Solenoid actuator: Electromagnetic plunger
โข Bi-directional solenoid: Two coils for lock/unlock
โข Pneumatic: Air pressure operated (older vehicles)
โข Motor type: Small reversible DC motor
โข Gear reduction: Converts rotation to linear motion
โข Travel: Approximately 10-15mm stroke
โข Current draw: 3-5 amps momentary
โข Speed: Locks in less than 1 second
โข Transmitter: RF signal at 315 or 433 MHz
โข Receiver: Antenna and control module
โข Rolling code: Changes code each use for security
โข Range: Typically 30-100 feet
โข Functions: Lock, unlock, trunk, panic
Door Lock Features ๐
ใใขใญใใฏๆฉ่ฝ
โข Speed-sensing lock: Locks at 15-20 km/h
โข Shift-to-drive lock: Locks when put in gear
โข Auto-unlock: Unlocks when shifted to park
โข Collision unlock: Unlocks after airbag deployment
โข Walk-away lock: Locks when key fob moves away
โข Passive entry: Unlock by touching door handle
โข Push-button start: No key insertion needed
โข Proximity detection: Senses key within range
โข LF/RF communication: Two-way signal exchange
โข Backup key: Mechanical key hidden in fob
Power Mirror System ๐ช
ใใฏใผใใฉใผใทในใใ
Power mirrors allow the driver to adjust exterior mirror position electrically for optimal rear visibility.
ใใฏใผใใฉใผใฏใๆ้ฉใชๅพๆน่ฆ็ใฎใใใซๅค้จใใฉใผใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ้ปๆฐ็ใซ่ชฟๆดใงใใพใใ
โข Mirror motors: Two DC motors per mirror (up/down, left/right)
โข Mirror switch: Joystick or rocker type
โข L/R selector: Chooses which mirror to adjust
โข Mirror glass: Mounted on pivot mechanism
โข Housing: Contains motors and heating element
โข Reversible motors: Change direction by polarity
โข Gear reduction: Worm gear for precise control
โข Current draw: 1-2 amps per motor
โข Travel limits: Mechanical stops prevent over-travel
โข Memory function: Stores positions for drivers
โข Heated mirrors: Defrost/defog in cold weather
โข Auto-dimming: Reduces glare from headlights
โข Power folding: Folds for parking or car wash
โข Blind spot indicators: Warning lights in mirror
โข Turn signal: Integrated LED indicators
A/C Electrical System โ๏ธ
ใจใขใณใณ้ปๆฐใทในใใ
The air conditioning electrical system controls the compressor, fans, and sensors to maintain cabin temperature.
ใจใขใณใณ้ปๆฐใทในใใ ใฏใ่ปๅ ๆธฉๅบฆใ็ถญๆใใใใใซใณใณใใฌใใตใผใใใกใณใใปใณใตใผใๅถๅพกใใพใใ
โข Compressor clutch: Electromagnetic clutch engages compressor
โข Condenser fan: Cools refrigerant in condenser
โข Blower motor: Circulates air through cabin
โข Control panel: Temperature and fan speed controls
โข A/C relay: Controls compressor clutch circuit
โข Evaporator temperature: Prevents icing (thermistor)
โข Ambient temperature: Outside air temperature
โข In-car temperature: Cabin temperature sensor
โข Sunload sensor: Measures solar heat load
โข Pressure switches: High and low pressure protection
โข Electromagnetic coil: Creates magnetic field
โข Clutch plate: Engages to drive compressor
โข Air gap: 0.4-0.8mm typical clearance
โข Current draw: 3-5 amps when engaged
โข Cycling: On/off to maintain temperature
Blower Motor System ๐จ
ใใญใฏใผใขใผใฟใผใทในใใ
The blower motor circulates air through the HVAC system to heat or cool the vehicle cabin.
ใใญใฏใผใขใผใฟใผใฏใ่ปๅ ใๆๆฟใพใใฏๅทๆฟใใใใใซHVACใทในใใ ใ้ใใฆ็ฉบๆฐใๅพช็ฐใใใพใใ
โข DC motor: Permanent magnet type
โข Squirrel cage fan: Centrifugal blower wheel
โข Speed control: Resistor or electronic module
โข Housing: Mounted in HVAC case
โข Current draw: 5-20 amps depending on speed
โข Resistor pack: Series resistors reduce voltage
โข Transistor module: Electronic speed control
โข PWM control: Pulse width modulation for efficiency
โข Automatic climate: Computer-controlled speed
Resistors drop voltage to reduce motor speed
โข No operation: Check fuse, relay, motor
โข Only high speed: Failed resistor pack
โข Noisy operation: Worn bearings or debris
โข Intermittent: Bad connection or worn brushes
Rear Window Defogger ๐ฅ
ใชใขใฆใฃใณใใฆใใใฉใใฌใผ
The rear window defogger uses heating elements embedded in the glass to clear fog and ice.
ใชใขใฆใฃใณใใฆใใใฉใใฌใผใฏใใฌใฉในใซๅใ่พผใพใใๅ ็ฑ็ด ๅญใไฝฟ็จใใฆๆใใๆฐทใ้คๅปใใพใใ
โข Grid lines: Thin conductive strips on glass
โข Bus bars: Vertical bars connect grid lines
โข Relay: Controls high-current circuit
โข Timer: Auto-shutoff after 10-15 minutes
โข Indicator light: Shows system is active
โข Voltage: 12V applied across bus bars
โข Current draw: 15-25 amps typical
โข Power: 180-300 watts total
โข Grid resistance: 0.5-2 ohms per line
โข Operating time: Clears in 5-10 minutes
โข Damage causes: Scratches, impacts, age
โข Testing: Voltmeter along grid line
โข Repair kits: Conductive paint or tape
โข Application: Clean, apply, cure with heat
Power Seat System ๐บ
ใใฏใผใทใผใใทในใใ
Power seats use multiple electric motors to adjust seat position for driver comfort and safety.
ใใฏใผใทใผใใฏ่คๆฐใฎ้ปๅใขใผใฟใผใไฝฟ็จใใฆใ้่ปข่ ใฎๅฟซ้ฉๆงใจๅฎๅ จๆงใฎใใใซใทใผใไฝ็ฝฎใ่ชฟๆดใใพใใ
โข Fore/aft motor: Moves seat forward/backward
โข Height motor: Raises/lowers seat
โข Recline motor: Adjusts seatback angle
โข Lumbar motor: Adjusts lower back support
โข Tilt motor: Adjusts seat cushion angle
โข Motor type: Reversible DC motors
โข Current draw: 10-20 amps per motor
โข Circuit protection: 30 amp fuse or breaker
โข Switch type: Multi-position rocker switches
โข Memory function: Stores preferred positions
โข Heating elements: Resistance wire in cushion/back
โข Thermostat: Maintains set temperature
โข Control: High/low or variable settings
โข Current draw: 3-5 amps per seat
โข Auto-shutoff: Timer prevents overheating
Accessory Installation ๐
ใขใฏใปใตใชใผๅไป
Proper accessory installation requires understanding of vehicle electrical systems and safe wiring practices.
้ฉๅใชใขใฏใปใตใชใผๅไปใซใฏใ่ปไธก้ปๆฐใทในใใ ใจๅฎๅ จใช้ ็ทๆนๆณใฎ็่งฃใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ
โข Audio systems: Amplifiers, speakers, subwoofers
โข Lighting: LED strips, fog lights, work lights
โข USB chargers: Phone and device charging
โข Dash cameras: Front and rear recording
โข Navigation: GPS and display systems
โข Wire gauge: Match to current requirements
โข Fuse protection: Always fuse positive wire
โข Grounding: Solid connection to chassis
โข Routing: Avoid heat sources and moving parts
โข Connectors: Use proper automotive connectors
โข Up to 5 amps: 18 AWG minimum
โข 5-10 amps: 16 AWG minimum
โข 10-15 amps: 14 AWG minimum
โข 15-20 amps: 12 AWG minimum
โข 20-30 amps: 10 AWG minimum
Relay Installation ๐ฆ
ใชใฌใผๅไป
Relays are essential for controlling high-current accessories with low-current switches.
ใชใฌใผใฏใไฝ้ปๆตในใคใใใง้ซ้ปๆตใขใฏใปใตใชใผใๅถๅพกใใใใใซไธๅฏๆฌ ใงใใ
โข Terminal 30: Constant battery power input
โข Terminal 87: Output to accessory (normally open)
โข Terminal 87a: Output (normally closed)
โข Terminal 85: Coil ground
โข Terminal 86: Coil positive (switched)
1. Connect fused battery power to terminal 30
2. Connect accessory positive to terminal 87
3. Connect switch output to terminal 86
4. Connect terminal 85 to ground
5. Ground accessory negative to chassis
๐ Switch โ [86] ๐ฆ [85] โ โ Ground
โข Fuse location: As close to battery as possible
โข Relay mounting: Secure in dry location
โข Wire routing: Use grommets through panels
โข Testing: Verify operation before final assembly
Body Control Module ๐ง
ใใใฃใณใณใใญใผใซใขใธใฅใผใซ
The Body Control Module (BCM) is a central computer that controls and coordinates many auxiliary electrical functions.
ใใใฃใณใณใใญใผใซใขใธใฅใผใซ๏ผBCM๏ผใฏใๅคใใฎ่ฃๅฉ้ปๆฐๆฉ่ฝใๅถๅพกใป่ชฟๆดใใไธญๅคฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใผใงใใ
โข Lighting control: Interior and exterior lights
โข Power accessories: Windows, locks, mirrors
โข Security: Alarm, immobilizer, keyless entry
โข Convenience: Auto-lock, delayed lighting
โข Communication: CAN bus interface
โข CAN bus: High-speed data communication
โข LIN bus: Low-speed accessory control
โข Module coordination: Shares data with ECU, TCM
โข Diagnostic access: OBD-II communication
โข Software updates: Programmable functions
โข DTC storage: Records fault codes
โข Input/output testing: Actuator and sensor tests
โข Configuration: Enable/disable features
โข Module programming: Software updates
โข Security access: May require authorization
Troubleshooting Auxiliary Systems ๐ง
่ฃๅฉใทในใใ ใฎใใฉใใซใทใฅใผใใฃใณใฐ
1. Verify complaint: Confirm the problem
2. Check basics: Fuses, grounds, connections
3. Scan for codes: BCM and related modules
4. Test components: Switches, motors, relays
5. Check wiring: Continuity and voltage drops
6. Repair and verify: Fix and confirm operation
โข Voltage test: Check power at component
โข Ground test: Verify good ground connection
โข Continuity test: Check wire integrity
โข Current draw: Measure motor amperage
โข Resistance test: Check switches and motors
โข Purpose: Find high-resistance connections
โข Method: Measure voltage across connections under load
โข Acceptable: Less than 0.2V on power side
โข Acceptable: Less than 0.1V on ground side
โข High drop: Indicates poor connection
โข Connectors: Corrosion, loose pins
โข Switches: Worn contacts, broken
โข Motors: Worn brushes, seized bearings
โข Wiring: Chafed, broken, shorted
โข Grounds: Corroded, loose mounting
Component Testing ๐ฌ
้จๅใในใ
โข Power test: Apply 12V directly to motor
โข Polarity test: Reverse leads for direction change
โข Current draw: Should match specifications
โข No-load speed: Motor should spin freely
โข Stall current: Maximum when motor blocked
โข Continuity: Check each position
โข Resistance: Should be near zero when closed
โข Infinite: When switch is open
โข Intermittent: Wiggle while testing
โข Contact condition: Look for burning or pitting
โข Coil resistance: Typically 50-100 ohms
โข Contact continuity: Check NO and NC contacts
โข Activation test: Apply 12V to coil terminals
โข Click test: Should hear relay click
โข Contact resistance: Should be less than 0.5 ohms
Japanese Regulations ๐ฏ๐ต
ๆฅๆฌใฎ่ฆๅถ
Japan has specific regulations governing auxiliary electrical equipment for vehicle safety and compliance.
ๆฅๆฌใซใฏใ่ปไธกใฎๅฎๅ จๆงใจใณใณใใฉใคใขใณในใฎใใใฎ่ฃๅฉ้ป่ฃ ๅใ่ฆๅถใใ็นๅฎใฎ่ฆๅใใใใพใใ
โข Wipers: Must have at least two speeds
โข Washer: Must be functional
โข Horn: Must produce 93-112 dB at 2m
โข Defogger: Required for rear window
โข Mirrors: Must be adjustable
โข Wipers: Must operate correctly on all speeds
โข Washer: Must spray adequately
โข Horn: Must sound properly
โข Windows: Must open and close fully
โข Defogger: Must heat rear window
โข Lighting: Color and brightness restrictions
โข Audio: Noise level limits
โข Window tint: Minimum 70% VLT front windows
โข Modifications: Must not affect safety systems
โข EMI: Must not interfere with other electronics
Lesson Summary ๐
ใฌใในใณใฎใพใจใ
Congratulations! You’ve learned the essential concepts of auxiliary electrical equipment.
ใใใงใจใใใใใพใ๏ผ่ฃๅฉ้ป่ฃ ๅใฎ้่ฆใชๆฆๅฟตใๅญฆใณใพใใใ
โข Wiper systems: DC motors with park circuits
โข Horns: Electromagnetic vibrating devices (4-6A)
โข Power windows: Reversible motors with DPDT switches
โข Door locks: Motor or solenoid actuators
โข A/C electrical: Compressor clutch and blower motor
โข Accessory installation: Correct wire gauge and fusing
โข BCM: Coordinates many auxiliary functions
โข Wiper motor: 3-6 amps
โข Horn: 4-6 amps, 93-112 dB
โข Power window motor: 10-20 amps
โข Blower motor: 5-20 amps
โข Defogger: 15-25 amps
โข Relay coil: 50-100 ohms
Now it’s time to test your knowledge with a 10-question quiz. You need 70% (7/10) to pass. Good luck!
10ๅใฎใฏใคใบใง็ฅ่ญใใในใใใพใใใใๅๆ ผใซใฏ70%๏ผ7ๅๆญฃ่งฃ๏ผใๅฟ
่ฆใงใใ้ ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใใ๏ผ
๐ Lesson 7 Quiz
ใฌใในใณ7ใฏใคใบ
Test your knowledge with 10 multiple-choice questions.
10ๅใฎๅค่ข้ธๆๅผๅ้กใง็ฅ่ญใใในใใใพใใ
โข 10 multiple-choice questions
โข Passing score: 70% (7/10 correct)
โข You can review your answers after completion
โข Take your time and read carefully
Click “Next” to begin the quiz. Good luck!
ใๆฌกใธใใใฏใชใใฏใใฆใฏใคใบใ้ๅงใใพใใ้ ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใใ๏ผ
ๅ้ก1: ใฏใคใใผใใชใใซใใใจใใซใใฌใผใใใใผใฏไฝ็ฝฎใซๆปใใใจใไฟ่จผใใ้จๅใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏB) ใใผใฏในใคใใใงใใใใผใฏในใคใใใฏใซใ ไฝๅๅผใฎๅ ้จในใคใใใงใใใฌใผใใใใผใฏไฝ็ฝฎใซ้ใใใพใงใขใผใฟใผใธใฎๆฅๅฐใ็ถญๆใใพใใ
ๅ้ก2: ่ชๅ่ปใใผใณใฎๅ ธๅ็ใช้ปๆตๆถ่ฒปใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏB) 4-6ใขใณใใขใงใใๅ ธๅ็ใช่ชๅ่ป็จ้ป็ฃใใผใณใฏไฝๅๆใซใใผใณ1ใคใใใ4-6ใขใณใใขใๆถ่ฒปใใพใใ
ๅ้ก3: ใใฏใผใฆใฃใณใใฆใขใผใฟใผใ้่ปขใใใใใใซไฝฟ็จใใใในใคใใใฎ็จฎ้กใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏC) DPDTใงใใๅๆฅตๅๆในใคใใใฏใขใผใฟใผใธใฎๆฅตๆงใๅ่ปขใใใๅ่ปขๆนๅใๅคใใพใใ
ๅ้ก4: ใชใขใผใใญใผใฌในใจใณใใชใผใทในใใ ใงไฝฟ็จใใใๅ ธๅ็ใชๅจๆณขๆฐใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏB) 315ใพใใฏ433 MHzใงใใใชใขใผใใญใผใฌในใจใณใใชใผใฏ้ๅธธ315 MHz๏ผๅ็ฑณ/ๆฅๆฌ๏ผใพใใฏ433 MHz๏ผๆฌงๅท๏ผใฎRFไฟกๅทใไฝฟ็จใใพใใ
ๅ้ก5: ใจใขใณใณใณใณใใฌใใตใผใฎไฝๅใๅถๅพกใใใใฎใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏB) ้ป็ฃใฏใฉใใใงใใ้ป็ฃใฏใฉใใใฏใณใณใใฌใใตใผใใจใณใธใณ้งๅใใซใใซๆฅ็ถใปๅๆญใใพใใ
ๅ้ก6: ใใญใฏใผใขใผใฟใผใ้ซ้ใงใฎใฟๅไฝใใๅ ดๅใๆใๅฏ่ฝๆงใฎ้ซใๅๅ ใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏB) ๆตๆๅจใใใฏๆ ้ใงใใๆตๆๅจใใใฏใฏไฝ้็จใซ้ปๅงใไธใใพใใๆ ้ใใใจใ้ซ้๏ผๆตๆๅจใใใคใใน๏ผใฎใฟๅไฝใใพใใ
ๅ้ก7: ใชใขใฆใฃใณใใฆใใใฉใใฌใผใฎๅ ธๅ็ใช้ปๆตๆถ่ฒปใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏB) 15-25ใขใณใใขใงใใใชใขใฆใฃใณใใฆใใใฉใใฌใผใฏ้ๅธธ180-300ใฏใใใฎ็ฑใ็บ็ใใใใใใซ15-25ใขใณใใขใๆถ่ฒปใใพใใ
ๅ้ก8: ๅธธๆใใใใชใผ้ปๆบใๅใใใชใฌใผ็ซฏๅญใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏA) ็ซฏๅญ30ใงใใ็ซฏๅญ30ใฏๅธธๆใใใใชใผ้ปๅงใๅใใ้ปๆบๅ ฅๅ็ซฏๅญใงใใ
ๅ้ก9: ่ชๅ่ป็จใชใฌใผใฎๅ ธๅ็ใชใณใคใซๆตๆใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏB) 50-100ใชใผใ ใงใใ่ชๅ่ป็จใชใฌใผใณใคใซใฏ้ๅธธ50-100ใชใผใ ใฎๆตๆใๆใกใพใใ
ๅ้ก10: ่ชๅ่ป้ปๆฐใทในใใ ใซใใใBCMใฎๆๅณใฏ๏ผ
ๆญฃ่งฃใฏA) ใใใฃใณใณใใญใผใซใขใธใฅใผใซใงใใBCMใฏๅคใใฎ่ฃๅฉ้ปๆฐๆฉ่ฝใๅถๅพกใป่ชฟๆดใใไธญๅคฎใณใณใใฅใผใฟใผใงใใ
็ตๆใ่จ็ฎไธญ…
You’ve completed Lesson 7! Continue with more lessons in Module 5 or review your answers below.
Lesson 7 Complete! ๐
ใฌใในใณ7ๅฎไบ๏ผ
โ Windshield wiper and washer systems
โ Horn circuits and operation
โ Power window systems and circuits
โ Power door lock and keyless entry
โ Power mirror systems
โ A/C electrical components
โ Blower motor and defogger systems
โ Accessory installation and relay wiring
โ Body Control Module functions
โ Troubleshooting auxiliary systems
Excellent work! You have completed Lesson 7: Auxiliary Electrical Equipment!
Continue with the remaining lessons in Module 5 to master electrical systems!
็ด ๆดใใใ๏ผใฌใในใณ7๏ผ่ฃๅฉ้ป่ฃ
ๅใๅฎไบใใพใใ๏ผ
ใขใธใฅใผใซ5ใฎๆฎใใฎใฌใในใณใ็ถใใฆใ้ปๆฐใทในใใ ใใในใฟใผใใพใใใ๏ผ
